Noun Kake Bole?

Noun kake bole? Janun udaharon o prokarভেদ (prokarbhed) sohoje. Banglay byakaraner ei mool तत्व (mool totwo) janle basha hobe aro sposto o shudhho. (What is a Noun? Learn with examples and types easily. Knowing this fundamental element of Bengali grammar will make your language clearer and purer.)

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Introduction: Naam-i Parichoy, Naam-i Jagat (Name is Identity, Name is the World)

Amra jokhon kotha বলি, tokhon anek rokomer shobdo byabohar kori. Kichu shobdo kaj bojhai, kichu gun ba dosh abar kichu shongkhya ba poriman. Kintu emon kichu shobdo ache ja amader charপাশের (charpasher) jib, bastu, sthan ba abhaser porichoy dey. Ei shobdogulokei bole naam pod ba noun.

Noun holo byakaraner oitihaashik o guruttopurno ongsho. Eder chara kono bakyo toiri kora sombhob noy. Jemon, “Raju boi porchhe.” Ei bakyete “Raju” ekjon byaktir naam ebong “boi” ekta jinisher naam. Ei duitoi holo naam pod ba noun.

Aaj amra ei blog-e janbo noun kake bole, koto prokar o ki ki ebong bibhinno udahoroner madhyome eta aro bhalo kore bujhbo. Cholen, naam pother mohojagat-e probesh kora jaak!

Noun Kake Bole? Shohoj Sangya O Bishleshon (What is a Noun? Simple Definition and Analysis)

Soja kothay bolte gele, je shobdo kono byakti (person), bastu (thing), sthan (place), gun (quality), dosh (defect), obostha (state), kaaj (work/action – bhabbachok bisheshyo), ba abhas (abstract idea) er naam bojhai, takei naam pod ba noun bole.

Ekti noun hote pare:

• Kono byaktir naam: যেমন – Rahim, Gita, শিক্ষক (shikkhok – teacher), doktar (doctor), chhatro (student).
• Kono bastur naam: যেমন – baari (house), gari (car), boi (book), kolom (pen), paakha (fan).
• Kono sthaner naam: যেমন – Dhaka, Kolkata, Bharat (India), paahar (mountain), nodi (river).
• Kono guner naam: যেমন – shundorjo (beauty), shochota (honesty), buddhi (intelligence), dhoirjo (patience).
• Kono dosher naam: যেমন – aloshyo (laziness), mithya (lie), ahongkar (ego).
• Kono obosthar naam: যেমন – jobon (youth), baroddhokyo (old age), shishu (childhood), ghum (sleep).
• Kono kaajer naam (bhabbachok bisheshyo): যেমন – gaman (going), bhojon (eating), lekhan (writing), nrityo (dancing).
• Kono abhaser naam: যেমন – bhalobasha (love), ghrina (hatred), shukh (happiness), dukkho (sorrow), shadhinota (freedom).

Noun Er Prokarভেদ (Types of Nouns): Bibhinno Dharoner Naam (Different Types of Names)

Bangla byakarane noun-der bibhinno bhage ভাগ করা হয়ে থাকে. Mukhyoto eguloke dui bhage ভাগ করা jay:

1. Sangya Bachak Bisheshyo (Proper Noun): Je noun kono bishishto byakti, bastu ba sthaner naam bojhai, take sangya bachak bisheshyo bole. Era sobsomoy boro hater okkhor diye shuru hoy.

   • Byakti (Person): যেমন – Rabindranath Tagore, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, Albert Einstein.
   • Sthan (Place): যেমন – Taj Mahal, Sundarban, Pacific মহাসাগর (Mohashagor – Ocean).
   • Bastu (Thing): বিশেষ কোনো বইয়ের নাম (bishesh kono boiyer naam – name of a specific book) – যেমন গীতাঞ্জলি (Gitanjali), বিশেষ কোনো পত্রিকার নাম (bishesh kono potrikar naam – name of a specific newspaper) – যেমন প্রথম আলো (Prothom Alo).
   • Din, Mash o Parber Naam (Names of Days, Months, and Festivals): যেমন – Sombar (Monday), Boishakh, Durga Puja.

2. Jati Bachak Bisheshyo (Common Noun): Je noun ekti jati ba shreni’r sob বস্তুকে (bostuke – objects) sadharonbhabe bojhai, take jati bachak bisheshyo bole.

   • Manush (Human): যেমন – balok (boy), balika (girl), nari (woman), purush (man), shikkhok (teacher).
   • Poshu-Pakhi (Animals and Birds): যেমন – goru (cow), chhagol (goat), machh (fish), paakhi (bird).
   • Jinish (Things): যেমন – baari (house), gaachh (tree), nodi (river), boi (book), kolom (pen).

Aaro kichu prokarbhed ache, ja jati bachak bisheshyer antorbhukto holeo alada bhabe ullekh kora hoy:

3. Bastubachak Bisheshyo (Material Noun): Je noun kono podartho ba dhatu (metal) bojhai, ja diye onyo jinish toiri kora jay ebong ja সাধারণত (sadharonto) gona jay na, take bastubachak bisheshyo bole.

   • উদাহরণ (Udohoron – Examples): chaal (rice), daal (lentils), dudh (milk), jol (water), sona (gold), rupa (silver), loha (iron).

4. Samashtibachak Bisheshyo (Collective Noun): Je noun anekgulo byakti ba bastur somoshti (collection) bojhai, take samashtibachak bisheshyo bole.

   • উদাহরণ (Udohoron – Examples): dol (team), shreni (class), sobha (assembly), bahini (army), jonota (crowd), poribar (family).

5. Bhabbachak Bisheshyo (Abstract Noun): Je noun kono kaaj er naam ba kono gun, dosh ba abhas bojhai, jar kono bhoutik ostittwo nei, take bhabbachak bisheshyo bole.

   • Kaajer Naam (Name of Work/Action): যেমন – gaman (going), bhojon (eating), lekhan (writing), nrityo (dancing), shoyon (sleeping).
   • Gun, Dosh, Abhas (Quality, Defect, Abstract Idea): যেমন – shundorjo (beauty), shochota (honesty), dukkho (sorrow), shukh (happiness), shadhinota (freedom).

Bakye Noun Er Byabohar (Use of Nouns in Sentences): Naam-er Gurutto (Importance of Names)

Bakyo toiri korte noun er bhumika ochena. Kono bakyer korta (subject), kormo (object), ba purok (complement) hishebe noun byabohrito hoy.

• Korta (Subject): Megh gorjon korchhe. (Clouds are thundering.)
• Kormo (Object): Ami boi porchhi. (I am reading a book.)
• Purok (Complement): Se amar bondhu. (He is my friend.)

Charao, noun bibhinno karoke (case endings) byabohar hoye bakyer ortho-ke aro sposto kore tole.

• Tense Kake Bole?

Noun Chinar Shohoj Upay (Easy Ways to Identify Nouns): Naam Khuje Ber Korun (Find the Names)

Kono bakyete noun chinhte hole kichu jinish mone rakha dorkar:

• “Ke?” (Who?) ba “Ki?” (What?) diye proshno korle je uttor পাওয়া যায় (pawa jaay – is found), tai noun.
  • Ke? Elo? – Raju elo. (Who came? – Raju came.)
  • Tumi ki porchho? – Ami boi porchhi. (What are you reading? – I am reading a book.)
• Noun-er age sadharonto nirdharok (determiners) যেমন – ekta (a), oi (that), ei (this), sob (all) ityadi byabohar hoy.
  • Ekta paakhi urche. (A bird is flying.)
  • Oi baari-ta dekho. Look at that house.)
• Noun-er pore bibhinno karok bibhakti (case suffixes) যুক্ত (jukto – attached) hote pare.
  • Rajuke dako. (Call Raju.)
  • Baarite keu nei. (There is no one in the house.)

Shesh Kotha: Naam-i Bhittiprosthor (Conclusion: Name is the Foundation Stone)

Bangla byakaran shikhte hole noun ba naam pod sombondhe sposto dharona thaka khuboi joruri. E shudhu bakyo toirir mul ongshoi noy, borong amader charpasher jogot-ke chinhte o প্রকাশ (prokash – express) korteo sahajyo kore. Asha kori, ei blog post-er madhyome “noun kake bole” ebong er bibhinno prokarভেদ sombondhe tomar dharona aro sposto hoyeche. Byakaraner onyo ongsho sombondhe jante amader sathe thakun!

(Call to Action): আপনার (Apnar – Your) প্রিয় (priyo – favorite) noun কোনটি (konti – which one)? Comment-e janান! (Let us know in the comments!)